Update of the Brazilian consensus recommendations on Duchenne muscular dystrophy / Atualização das recomendações do consenso brasileiro para distrofia muscular de Duchenne

Abstract In the last few decades, there have been considerable improvements in the diagnosis and care of Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), the most common childhood muscular dystrophy. International guidelines have been published and recently reviewed. A group of Brazilian experts has developed a standard of care based on a literature review with evidence-based graded recommendations in a two-part publication. Implementing best practice management has helped change the natural history of this chronic progressive disorder, in which the life expectancy for children of the male sex in the past used to be very limited. Since the previous publication, diagnosis, steroid treatment, rehabilitation, and systemic care have gained more significant insights with new original work in certain fields. Furthermore, the development of new drugs is ongoing, and some interventions have been approved for use in certain countries. Therefore, we have identified the need to review the previous care recommendations for Brazilian patients with DMD. Our objective was to create an evidence-based document that is an update on our previous consensus on those topics.

Resumo Nas últimas décadas, houve progressos significativos no diagnóstico e no tratamento da distrofia muscular de Duchenne (DMD), considerada a distrofia muscular mais comum na infância. Diretrizes internacionais foram publicadas e revisadas recentemente. Um grupo de especialistas brasileiros desenvolveu um padrão de atendimento baseado em revisão de literatura, com recomendações graduadas pautadas em evidências compiladas em uma publicação dividida em duas partes. A implementação de melhores práticas de manejo ajudou a modificar a história natural desta doença crônica, progressiva, que, no passado, oferecia uma expectativa de vida muito limitada para crianças do sexo masculino. Desde a publicação desse consenso anterior, o diagnóstico, o tratamento com esteroides, a reabilitação e os cuidados sistêmicos ganharam novas possibilidades a partir da divulgação dos resultados de trabalhos originais em algumas dessas áreas. Além disso, as pesquisas e o desenvolvimento de novos fármacos estão em andamento, e algumas intervenções já foram aprovadas para uso em determinados países. Nesse contexto, identificamos a necessidade de rever as recomendações anteriores sobre o manejo dos pacientes brasileiros com DMD. Nosso objetivo principal foi elaborar uma atualização baseada em evidências sobre esses tópicos do consenso.

Healthcare Professionals’ Standard Of Care During COVID-19 Pandemic (Piawaian Penjagaan dan Rawatan Kesihatan Semasa Pandemik COVID-19) / Jurnal Sains Kesihatan Malaysia

@#Since the beginning of the year 2020, Malaysia has been gravely affected by the COVID-19 pandemic where to date over four million of its population have been infected with the virus. At the time of writing this paper, the number of infections is still alarming. This situation undoubtedly places a strain on the healthcare system, particularly on healthcare professionals who have been entrusted to treat COVID-19 patients. Treating a high number of patients in an unprecedented situation may pose a challenge for doctors to fulfil their legal duties that arise from the usual doctor-patient relationship particularly in discharging the established standard of care imposed by the law. This is the main issue that this paper seeks to explore. In addition, this paper also examines doctors’ duty of care towards non-COVID-19 patients amidst limited medical resources and policy consideration that inevitably causes a delay in giving medical treatments and elective surgeries. In answering these questions, the method employed in this paper is qualitative analysis. In conclusion, it is suggested that keeping up to the established standard of care is crucial in maintaining public confidence in the medical profession and also to protect public health and welfare.

Índices fisiológicos não hiperêmicos ­ base teórica, aplicações clínicas e limitações / Non-hyperemic pressure ratios ­ theoretical basis, clinical applications, and limitations

A fisiologia coronariana tornou-se o padrão de tratamento para avaliar o significado funcional da doença aterosclerótica coronariana. Ela permite identificar isquemia miocárdica em nível de vaso, discriminar os padrões funcionais da doença aterosclerótica e orientar a necessidade de revascularização; complementar o planejamento da intervenção coronária percutânea e confirmar o sucesso funcional dessa última. Em uma edição anterior do Journal of Transcatheter Interventions, apresentamos uma revisão abrangente sobre o fluxo fracionado de reserva do miocárdio. Apesar do robusto corpo de evidências que apoiam seu uso, a aceitação clínica do fluxo fracionado de reserva é variável e excessivamente baixa em muitas áreas do mundo. O aumento percebido no tempo do procedimento, o uso de agentes hiperêmicos com seus correspondentes custos e desconforto do paciente, e a dificuldade de interpretação dos resultados em determinadas situações anatômicas contribuíram para a adoção limitada do método. A introdução do índice de fluxo instantâneo no período livre de ondas superou a maioria dessas limitações. Apoiada por uma validação técnica sólida e dados de desfechos clínicos, o índice de fluxo instantâneo no período livre de ondas recebeu as mesmas indicações clínicas que o fluxo fracionado de reserva nas recomendações mais recentes das diretrizes. Isso foi seguido pela introdução de outros índices pressóricos não hiperêmicos, já comercialmente disponíveis. Neste artigo, revisamos as bases fisiológicas que justificam o uso de índices pressóricos não hiperêmicos, sua validação técnica e clínica e dados de desfechos clínicos, além de discutirmos suas aplicações em situações anatômicas específicas, com exemplos de casos dos autores, sempre que aplicável.

Coronary physiology has become the standard of care to assess the functional significance of coronary atherosclerotic disease. It allows for identification of myocardial ischemia on a vessel level, discrimination of the functional patterns of atherosclerotic disease, guidance for the need of revascularization, complements the planning of percutaneous coronary intervention and verification of the functional success of percutaneous coronary intervention. On a previous issue of the Journal of Transcatheter Interventions, we presented a comprehensive review about fractional flow reserve. Despite the robust body of evidence supporting its use, the clinical use of fractional flow reserve is variable, and unreasonably low in many areas around the globe. The perceived increase in procedure time, the use of hyperemic agents with its related costs and patient discomfort, and difficulty in interpreting results in certain anatomical scenarios have contributed to the limited adoption of fractional flow reserve. The introduction of instantaneous wave-free ratio overcame most of these limitations. Supported by sound technical validation, and clinical outcomes data, instantaneous wave-free ratio received the same clinical indications as fractional flow reserve in the most recent guidelines recommendations. This was followed by the introduction of other non- hyperemic pressure ratios for commercial use. In the current manuscript we review the physiological basis that supports the use of non-hyperemic pressure ratios, their technical and clinical validation, clinical outcomes data, and discuss its applications on specific anatomic scenarios, with examples of cases from the authors, whenever applicable.

Tipologias de cuidados às pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental na perspectiva dos familiares

Objetivo:Identificar os tipos de cuidados cotidianos às pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental na perspectiva dos familiares. Método:Trata-se de um estudo exploratório e descritivo de abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados foi realizada utilizando-se da entrevista semiestruturada com quinze familiares de pessoas com transtorno de saúde mental acompanhadas num serviço especializado de saúde mental numa cidade no Nordeste do Brasil. Os dados foram organizados e analisados segundo a técnica de análise de conteúdo temática e discutidos com base na literatura. Resultados:O perfil dos familiares entrevistados caracterizou-se pela maioria do gênero feminino, raça negra, residentes no mesmo domicílio que a pessoa com transtorno de saúde mental, sendo a mãe a principal cuidadora e com apoio dos demais familiares nos cuidados. Foram identificados como principais tipos de cuidados: 1) cuidado de vigilância; 2) cuidado parental; 3) cuidado superprotetor; 4) cuidado permissivo. Conclusão:A família cuida da pessoa com transtorno de saúde mental de acordo com suas possibilidades, entretanto alguns fatores como a falta de conhecimento, os estigmas e os preconceitos podem interferir negativamente na reabilitação psicossocial e autonomia dessa pessoa. É importante que a equipe de saúde forneça orientações e suporte aos familiares de modo a promover um cuidado integral.

Objetivo:Identificar los tipos de cuidados cotidianos de las personas con trastorno de salud mental desde la perspectiva de los familiares. Método:Se trata de un estudio exploratorio y descriptivo con enfoque cualitativo. La recopilación de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas con quince familiares de personas con trastorno de salud mental que son acompañadas en un servicio especializado en salud mental en una ciudad del Nordeste de Brasil. Los datos se organizaron y analizaron según la técnica de análisis de contenido temático y se discutieron con base en la literatura. Resultados:El perfil de los familiares entrevistados se caracterizó por ser mayoritariamente del género femenino, de raza negra, y por vivir en el mismo domicilio que la persona con trastorno de salud mental, siendo la madre la cuidadora principal, con apoyo de otros familiares en el cuidado. Los principales tipos de cuidado identificados fueron: 1) cuidado vigilante; 2) cuidado parental; 3) cuidado sobreprotector; 4) cuidado permisivo. Conclusión:La familia cuida a la persona con trastorno de salud mental de acuerdo a sus posibilidades, sin embargo, algunos factores como la falta de conocimiento, estigmas y prejuicios pueden interferir negativamente en la rehabilitación psicosocial y autonomía de esa persona. Es importante que el equipo de salud brinde orientación y apoyo a los familiares para promover una atención integral.

Objective:To identify the types of daily care for people with mental health disorder from the perspective of family members. Method:This is an exploratory and descriptive study with a qualitative approach. Data collection was carried out using semi-structured interviews with fifteen family members of people with mental health disorder followed up in a specialized mental health service in a city in the Northeast of Brazil. The data was organized and analyzed according to the thematic content analysis technique and discussed based on the literature. Results:The profile of the family members interviewed was characterized by a majority of female gender, black race, residing in the same household as the person with mental health disorder, with the mother being the main caregiver and with support from the other family members in the care. The main types of care were identified as: 1) vigilant care; 2) parental care; 3) overprotective care; 4) permissive care. Conclusion:The family cares for the person with mental health disorders according to their possibilities, however, some factors such as lack of knowledge, stigmas and prejudices can negatively interfere in the psychosocial rehabilitation and autonomy of the person. It is important that the health team provides guidance and support for family members, in order to promote integral care.

Os desafios de pessoas com transtorno do espectro autista na vida adulta: uma revisão integrativa / The challenges of people with autistic spectrum disorder in adulthood: an integrative review / Los retos a los que se enfrentan las personas con trastorno del espectro autista en la edad adulta: una revisión integradora

Este estudo teve como objetivo identificar os principais desafios enfrentados por pessoas com Transtorno do Espectro Autista (TEA) na vida adulta. Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa abrangendo artigos publicados entre os anos de 2017 e 2022, disponíveis nas bases de dados: Scopus, PubMed e a Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. Após a seleção e a organização dos estudos, o corpus foi constituído por oito artigos que abordavam esses desafios de pessoas adultas com TEA e suas experiências no âmbito da saúde, polifarmácia, socialização e a correlação com outros transtornos psiquiátricos. Os estudos contribuíram para um entendimento sobre as problemáticas enfrentadas pelo grupo, somado às suas necessidades e percepções, apontando a carência de apoio na transição para a vida adulta, a escassez de qualificação profissional na assistência a pessoas com TEA e a ausência de adaptações do ambiente para com os indivíduos, coadjuvando com o aumento de transtornos mentais e isolamento social.

This study aimed to identify the main challenges faced by people with Autistic Spectrum Disorder (ASD) in adulthood. This is an integrative review covering articles published between the years 2017 and 2022, available in the databases: Scopus, PubMed and the Virtual Health Library. After the selection and organization of the studies, the corpus consisted of eight articles that addressed these challenges of adult people with ASD and their experiences in the realm of health, polypharmacy, socialization, and the correlation with other psychiatric disorders. The studies contributed to an understanding of the problems faced by the group, in addition to their needs and perceptions, pointing out the lack of support in the transition to adulthood, the lack of professional qualification in assisting people with ASD, and the lack of adaptations of the environment for individuals, contributing to the increase of mental disorders and social isolation.

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo identificar los principales desafíos que enfrentan las personas con trastorno del espectro autista (TEA) en la edad adulta. Se trata de una revisión integradora que abarca artículos publicados entre los años 2017 y 2022, disponibles en las bases de datos: Scopus, PubMed y Biblioteca Virtual de Salud. Tras la selección y organización de los estudios, el corpus quedó compuesto por ocho artículos que abordaron estos retos de las personas adultas con TEA y sus experiencias en el contexto de la salud, la polifarmacia, la socialización y la correlación con otros trastornos psiquiátricos. Los estudios contribuyeron para la comprensión de los problemas enfrentados por el grupo, sumados a sus necesidades y percepciones, señalando la falta de apoyo en la transición para la edad adulta, la falta de cualificación profesional en la asistencia a las personas con TEA y la falta de adaptaciones del ambiente para los individuos, contribuyendo para el aumento de los trastornos mentales y del aislamiento social.

Historical perspective of two technical standards developed in the 2ist century that gave rise to profound changes in Peruvian anesthesiology / Perspectiva histórica de dos normas técnicas desarrolladas en el siglo XXI que generaron cambios profundos en la anestesiología peruana

Abstract The technical standards in anesthesiology govern the professional practice and allow for the provision of safer anesthesia and surgery. This article gives a historical perspective on the creation, main content, and consequences of the implementation of the Peruvian standards in anesthesiology.

Resumen Las normas técnicas de anestesiología rigen el ejercicio profesional y permiten ofrecer una anestesia y una cirugía más seguras. El presente artículo brinda una perspectiva histórica sobre la creación, el contenido principal y las consecuencias de la implementación de las normas de anestesiología peruanas.

Comparative, observational study of the use of artesunate injections along with standard-of-care treatment versus only standard-of-care treatment in moderate and severe acute respiratory distress syndrome cases of COVID-19-positive infections

Introduction: COVID-19 is a type of coronavirus disease belonging to the family Coronaviridae. In late December 2019, this virus emerged from Wuhan, Hubei province, China, and resulted in an outbreak in China and expanded globally. In India, the mortality rate today was 521,691 till the date-time of writing this article. Several therapeutic agents have been evaluated for the treatment of COVID-19. Materials and Methods: This was a hospital-based comparative, observational study of the use of artesunate injections with standard-of-care (SOC) treatment (group A) versus only SOC (group B) treatment in moderate- to-severe cases of COVID-19 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) patients, on a total of 130 patients (comparative group of 65 patients each). The study was done on hospitalized COVID-19-positive moderate and severe cases of ARDS from October 2020 to June 2021 at MGM Hospital and Research Centre, CBD Belapur, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India. Results: One hundred and thirty patients were divided into two groups of 65 each; group A was compared with group B; group A received SOC with artesunate injections and group B received only SOC treatment. The mean age of patients in group A was 57.3 ± 12.5 years (standard deviation [SD]: 54.2–60.3) and in group B was 55.8 ± 12.5 years (SD: 52.8–58.9). Diabetes mellitus was the most comorbid condition. The inflammatory markers, respiratory rate, and SpO2 improved in group A as compared to group B. The proportion of patients progressing to noninvasive and invasive ventilation was more in group B as compared to group A (P < 0.05). About 93.8% of patients (61 patients) recovered in group A compared with 72.3% of patients (47 patients) who recovered in group B. The overall death in group A was 6.2% (four patients) and 27.7% (18 patients) in group B (P < 0.05), indicating the proportion of dead patients is significantly more where only SOC treatment was given. Conclusions: Artesunate injection administration accelerated recovery in our patients with moderate and severe COVID-19 disease by controlling hyperimmune response. The clinical improvement was seen by decreased levels of inflammatory markers, reduced respiratory rate, and improved oxygen saturation and showed significant survival in group A compared with group B. Artesunate injections were given 2 mg/kg body weight diluted in 1 mL 5% sodium bicarbonate solution as a bolus followed by 1 mg/kg body weight after 6 h and 2 mg/kg body weight with 1 mL sodium bicarbonate solution for next 2 days at an interval of 24 h. Patients tolerated the injections well and recovery improved, so artesunate can be considered a therapeutic option in moderate and severe cases of COVID-19 ARDS.

Triaje en el servicio de emergencia en el Hospital del Sur de Esmeraldas, Ecuador

Introducción: El triaje método de clasificación, selección y evaluación utilizado en las áreas de urgencias, permite ordenar a los pacientes de acuerdo con la enfermedad clínica presentada priorizando su gravedad y situación de riesgo vital. Objetivo: Analizar el triaje en los pacientes que llegan al área de emergencia del Hospital de Especialidades del Sur Delfina Torres de Concha. Métodos: Se realizó un estudio transversal, descriptivo y cuantitativo para analizar el proceso de triaje del servicio de emergencias en el Hospital del Sur de Esmeraldas. Para eso se trabajó con una población de 235 pacientes que acudieron al servicio de emergencias durante los meses de febrero y marzo de 2021, enmarcados en los criterios de inclusión como pertenecer a la etapa adulta >18 años. Las variables estudiadas fueron edad, sexo, síntomas, enfermedades y niveles de triaje: I. Color Rojo - Atención Inmediata; II. Color Naranja - Muy Urgente y III. Color Amarillo - Urgente. Resultados: La población de estudio estuvo conformada por el 62,12 % femenino y 37,87 % masculino, las edades más frecuentes fueron la de los grupos de 36 a 45 años. Dentro de los síntomas principales aparecen la cefalea y la enfermedad de mayor frecuencia fue la hipertensión arterial. En cuanto a la clasificación se obtuvo que entre los colores rojo y naranja fueron clasificados casi la mitad de los pacientes. Conclusiones: Los pacientes que fueron atendidos en el triaje de emergencias presentaron enfermedad como hipertensión arterial, con síntomas de cefalea y fueron clasificados casi la mitad de ellos en los colores rojo y naranja.

Introduction: The Triage method of classification, selection and evaluation used in emergency areas, allows patients to be ordered according to the pathology prioritizing its severity and life-threatening situation. Objective: To analyze the triage in patients who arrive at the Emergency Area of ​​the Specialty Hospital del Sur Delfina Torres de Concha. Methodology: A cross-sectional, descriptive and quantitative study was carried out to analyze the triage process of the emergency service at the Hospital del Sur de Esmeraldas. For this, we worked with a population of 235 users who attended the emergency service during the months of February and March 2021, framed in the inclusion criteria such as belonging to the adult stage >18 years. The variables studied were age, sex, symptoms, diseases and triage levels: I. Red Color-Immediate Attention; II. Orange Color-Very Urgent; and III. Yellow Color-Urgent. Results: The study population was made up of 62.12% female and 37.87% male, the most frequent ages were that of the groups of 36 to 45 years with 49.78%. Among the main symptoms, headache appears (39.57%) and the most frequent disease was arterial hypertension (37.02%). Regarding the classification, it was obtained that almost half of the users were classified between the colors red and orange. Conclusions: The users who were treated in the emergency room presented pathologies such as arterial hypertension, with symptoms of headache and almost half of them were classified in the colors red and orange.

Cuidado de enfermería perdido y factores contribuyentes en un hospital de Tabasco, México / Missed nursing care and contributing factors in a hospital in Tabasco, México

Resumen: Objetivo: Determinar el cuidado de enfermería perdido y factores contribuyentes en un hospital de Tabasco, México. Materiales y métodos: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo y correlacional en 50 enfermeras(os) de diferentes turnos de un hospital público de tercer nivel de atención, se utilizó la encuesta MISSCARE, para el análisis de los datos se empleó estadística descriptiva y el coeficiente de correlación de Spearman, se consideró lo estipulado en el Reglamento de la Ley General de Salud en Materia de Investigación para la salud. Resultados: La dimensión que presentó mayor cuidado de enfermería perdido fue la de intervenciones de cuidado básico (M= 22.6, DE= 14.2), seguido de planificación del alta y educación del paciente (M= 21.2, DE= 15.4), las intervenciones de cuidado con evaluaciones continuas resultaron la dimensión con menor cuidado perdido (M= 9.6, DE= 7.9). Los factores de mayor contribución para que se dé el cuidado de enfermería perdido, fueron los del recurso humano (M= 75.8, DE= 18.3), seguido de los factores del recurso material (M= 68.2, DE= 21.1). Éstos últimos mostraron asociación negativa y significativa con las intervenciones con evaluaciones continuas (rs= -0.318, p= 0.025). Conclusiones: La mayor presencia de cuidado de enfermería perdido recae en las intervenciones de cuidado básico, los factores del recurso humano son calificados en primer orden, para que se presente la omisión o retraso de las intervenciones del cuidado; sin embargo, solo los factores del recurso material mostraron relación negativa significativa con las intervenciones de evaluación continua.

Abstract: Objective: To determine the missed nursing care and the contributing factors in a hospital in Tabasco, Mexico. Materials and methods: Quantitative, descriptive and correlational study in 50 nurses from different shifts of a public hospital of the third level of care, the MISSCARE survey was used, descriptive statistics and the Spearman correlation coefficient were used for data analysis. considered what is stipulated in the Regulation of the General Health Law on Research for health. Results: The dimension that presented the most missed nursing care was basic care interventions (M= 22.6, SD= 14.2), followed by discharge planning and patient education (M= 21.2, SD= 15.4), care interventions with continuous evaluations resulted in the dimension with the least care lost (M= 9.6, SD= 7.9). The factors with the greatest contribution to the provision of lost nursing care were human resources (M= 75.8, SD= 18.3), followed by material resource factors (M= 68.2, SD= 21.1). The latter showed a negative and significant association with the interventions with continuous evaluations (rs= -0.318, p= 0.025). Conclusions: The greater presence of missed nursing care falls on basic care interventions, human resource factors are ranked first so that the omission or delay of care interventions occurs; however, only the material resource factors showed a significant negative relationship with the continuous assessment interventions.

Calidad de atención y mejora continua en el abordaje integral del cáncer de mama: Evaluación de indicadores en una Unidad de Mastología / Quality of care and continous improvement in a comprehensive approach of breast cancer management: evaluation of indicators in a breast center

Introducción: las Unidades de Mastología son organizaciones que tienen por objetivo abordar la patología mamaria de manera multidisciplinaria e integral. A nivel mundial se han implementado programas para evaluar la calidad de atención a través del cumplimiento de indicadores propuestos por Sociedades Científicas u organismos gubernamentales. Algunos de estos han sido propuestos y revisados por la Sociedad Europea de Mastología (EUSOMA). Objetivo: evaluar la calidad de atención de la Unidad de Mastología del Hospital Juan A. Fernández a través del análisis de una serie de indicadores propuestos por EUSOMA como estándares de calidad de atención en centros de patología mamaria. Material y método: estudio descriptivo retrospectivo analizando la base de datos de las pacientes con cáncer de mama estadios 0 a III operadas entre 2015 y 2019. Se analizaron 25 indicadores de procesos propuestos por EUSOMA en 2017. Se registraron las características de la población, y el porcentaje de pacientes en las cuales se cumple la condición de cada uno de los indicadores. Se registró si el indicador alcanza o supera el mínimo estándar, o si alcanza o supera el valor ideal. Resultados: se evaluaron 284 pacientes. Se observó el cumplimiento de la mayoría de los estándares propuestos (18 de 25), alcanzando o superando en el 25% de los indicadores evaluados el valor ideal. Se lograron alcanzar los estándares de calidad de atención relacionados con el diagnóstico clínico y preoperatorio, caracterización anatomopatológica completa en carcinoma invasor, evaluación multidisciplinaria, tratamiento quirúrgico primario en carcinoma invasor e in situ. Se alcanzaron los objetivos tendientes a evitar el sobretratamiento quirúrgico en carcinoma invasor y en cirugía conservadora en carcinoma in situ. En relación a los tratamientos adyuvantes, se alcanzaron los estándares relacionados con radioterapia post cirugía conservadora y post mastectomía, así como también el tratamiento con hormonoterapia y quimioterapia. El seguimiento de los pacientes se realizó en tiempo en tiempo y forma de acuerdo al indicador establecido. Existen 3 indicadores de calidad obligatorios en los que no se alcanzó el estándar mínimo: se observó la necesidad de mejorar la accesibilidad a los tratamientos antiHer2neu en neoadyuvancia, y de reducir los tiempos de espera al inicio del tratamiento. Conclusiones: se observó el cumplimiento de la mayoría de los estándares propuestos. Dado que existen indicadores obligatorios en los que no se alcanzó el estándar mínimo, los esfuerzos primarios deberán centrarse prioritaria e inicialmente en diseñar una planificación que permita alcanzar estos objetivos, así como también mantener en el tiempo los valores positivos ya alcanzados. Se pone de manifiesto la necesidad de implementar políticas a nivel sanitario nacional que permitan mejorar la accesibilidad a medicación oncológica. A su vez, destacamos la importancia de definir indicadores propios con valores ajustados a las características de nuestro país y mantener una evaluación periódica de la calidad de atención a través de los mismos.

Introduction: Breast Units are organizations that manage Breast Cancer in a comprehensive and multidisciplinary approach. Worlwide, programs have been developed in order to evaluate quality of care through the achievement of certain standards of care that have been proposed by scientific organizations, medical associations or government health departments. Some of these indicators have beeb proposed by the European Society of Breast Cancer Specialist (EUSOMA). Objective: to evaluate quality of care in the Breast Unit at Hospital Juan A Fernández (Buenos Aires, Argentina) through the analysis of a series of indicators described by EUSOMA as standard of care in breast centers. Material and method: we performed a descriptive, retrospective analysis of our database including patients with breast cancer stage 0 to III that wer treated between 2015 and 2019. We studied 25 quality of care process indicators proposed by EUSOMA in 2017. We registered population characteristics and the percentage of patients in which each indicator mínimum requirements were achieved. We also studied whether our results achieved or were beyond the ideal targets for each indicator. Results: a total of 284 patients were evaluated. The mínimum standard of care was achieved in most of the evaluated indicators (18 of 25) and in 25% of these, our results achieved or exce3ded the ideal requirements. The indicators in which the mínimum or ideal standard of care was accomplished were regarding clinical and preoperative diagnosis anatomopathological characterisation in invasive breast cancer, multidisciplinary approach, primary surgical management in invasive and in situ breast cancer, avoidanc of overtreatement in invasive breast cancer and breast conserving therapy in carcinoma in situ. Regarding adjuvant treatment, the standard of care was achieved in radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery and after mastectomy, endocrine therapy and chemotherapy. The follow up timing was according to the indicator. There were 3 mandatory indicators in which the mínimum standards were not achieved and were regarding accesibility to anti Her2neu agents in neoadjuvant setting, and timing form diagnosis to firts treatment. Conclusions: we observed that out Breast Unit achieved most of the quality of care indicators described by EUSOMA. However, there 3 mandatory indicators where the results were below the mínimum. This is why future efforts should be focused on designing and planning new measures that will allow these objectives to be accomplished, as well as maintaining what has already been achived. Our results also show the imperious need to implement national public health pólices that would grant a better accesiblility to oncologic medications. We also analysed the importance of defining our own local quality of care indicators in relation to our health policies and current situation, as well as the importance of a continuous evaluation of quality of care through these indicators.

(Lack of) oral hygiene care for hospitalized elderly patients / (Des) cuidado en la higiene oral de los ancianos hospitalizados / (Des) cuidado na higiene bucal do idoso em hospitalização

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the oral hygiene care for hospitalized elderly patients provided by the nursing staff. Method: this is a qualitative, exploratory-descriptive study carried out in a university hospital, with the participation of 35 professionals from the nursing staff. Data collection was carried out through semi-structured interviews, explored through thematic content analysis. Results: two categories emerged: The oral hygiene of hospitalized elderly patients as an extension of body care and Barriers in (lack of) care with the oral hygiene of hospitalized elderly patients, with two subcategories: The oral hygiene and dental prosthesis technique performed divergently; Care hampered by deficit of materials and human resources. Final considerations: this study showed weaknesses in the oral hygiene care of hospitalized elderly patients, promoting reflections on the practice informed in data and management actions, allowing recommendations of care standards for the nursing staff.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar los cuidados que brinda el equipo de enfermería a la higiene bucal de los ancianos hospitalizados. Método: estudio cualitativo, exploratorio-descriptivo, realizado en un hospital universitario, con la participación de 35 profesionales del equipo de enfermería. La recolección de datos se realizó mediante entrevistas semiestructuradas, exploradas mediante análisis de contenido temático. Resultados: surgieron dos categorías: la higiene bucal del anciano hospitalizado como extensión del cuidado corporal y barreras en el (des) cuidado con la higiene bucal del anciano hospitalizado, con dos subcategorías: Higiene bucal y técnica de prótesis dental realizada de manera divergente; El cuidado perjudicado por el déficit de materiales y recursos humanos. Consideraciones finales: el estudio demostró debilidades en el cuidado de la higiene bucal de ancianos hospitalizados, promoviendo reflexiones sobre la práctica informada en los datos y acciones de manejo, permitiendo recomendaciones de estándares de cuidado para el equipo de enfermería.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar o cuidado desenvolvido pela equipe de enfermagem à higiene bucal da pessoa idosa hospitalizada. Método: estudo qualitativo, exploratório-descritivo, realizado em um hospital universitário, com a participação de 35 profissionais da equipe de enfermagem. A coleta de dados foi por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas, exploradas por meio da Análise de Conteúdo Temática. Resultados: emergiram duas categorias: A higiene bucal da pessoa idosa hospitalizada enquanto extensão do cuidado corporal e Barreiras no (des) cuidado com a higiene bucal de idosos hospitalizados, com duas subcategorias: Técnica da higiene da boca e da prótese dentária realizada de forma divergente; O cuidado prejudicado pelo déficit de materiais e de recursos humanos. Considerações finais: o estudo demonstrou fragilidades no cuidado à higiene bucal de idosos hospitalizados promovendo reflexões sobre a prática informada nos dados e ações de gerência, permitindo recomendações de padrões de cuidado para a equipe de enfermagem.

Cuidado emancipador / Emancipating care

Resumo A humanização do cuidado tem sido um desafio presente no campo da saúde em geral e no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o constructo sociológico de cuidado emancipador. Enquanto o cuidado tem forte identificação com o senso comum e com os conhecimentos tácitos, a prática clínica biomédica associou-se ao conhecimento científico resultante de uma ruptura epistemológica racionalista. O cuidado emancipador é uma hibridização entre senso comum e conhecimento científico, ou cuidado e clínica, sustentado pelo posicionamento ético-político do profissional, para a substituição da heteronomia pela autonomia no processo de saúde-doença-cuidado. A intencionalidade deste artigo é apresentar uma perspectiva inovadora sobre a discussão do cuidado, que não é nova, trazendo algumas referências históricas, não com o propósito de desenvolver uma análise epocalista ou cronológica. O objetivo é alargar o espaço de reflexões sobre os cuidados heterônomos como um evento hegemônico da cultura contemporânea, bem como ampliar os debates sobre as possibilidades de construção de práticas de cuidado que privilegiem a autonomia das pessoas e apontem para a sua emancipação. Conclui-se que o conceito de cuidado emancipador pode fazer avançar uma segunda ruptura epistemológica com o desenvolvimento de práticas emancipadoras no processo saúde-doença-cuidado.

Abstract The humanization of care has been a present challenge in the field of health in general and in the Brazilian Unified Health System. The purpose of this article is to discuss the sociological construct of emancipating care. While care is strongly identified with common sense and tacit knowledge, biomedical clinical practice has been associated with scientific knowledge resulting from a rationalist epistemological rupture. Emancipatory care is a hybridization between common sense and scientific knowledge, or care and clinic, supported by the professional's ethical-political position, to replace heteronomy with autonomy in the health-disease-care process. The purpose of this article is to present an innovative perspective on the discussion of care, which is not new, bringing some historical references, not with the purpose of developing an epochalist or chronological analysis. The objective is to expand the space for reflections on heteronomous care as a hegemonic event in contemporary culture, as well as to expand the debates on the possibilities of building care practices that privilege people's autonomy and point to their emancipation. It is concluded that the concept of emancipating care can advance a second epistemological rupture with the development of emancipating practices in the health-disease-care process.

Cuidado emancipador / Emancipating care

Resumo A humanização do cuidado tem sido um desafio presente no campo da saúde em geral e no Sistema Único de Saúde brasileiro. O objetivo deste artigo é discutir o constructo sociológico de cuidado emancipador. Enquanto o cuidado tem forte identificação com o senso comum e com os conhecimentos tácitos, a prática clínica biomédica associou-se ao conhecimento científico resultante de uma ruptura epistemológica racionalista. O cuidado emancipador é uma hibridização entre senso comum e conhecimento científico, ou cuidado e clínica, sustentado pelo posicionamento ético-político do profissional, para a substituição da heteronomia pela autonomia no processo de saúde-doença-cuidado. A intencionalidade deste artigo é apresentar uma perspectiva inovadora sobre a discussão do cuidado, que não é nova, trazendo algumas referências históricas, não com o propósito de desenvolver uma análise epocalista ou cronológica. O objetivo é alargar o espaço de reflexões sobre os cuidados heterônomos como um evento hegemônico da cultura contemporânea, bem como ampliar os debates sobre as possibilidades de construção de práticas de cuidado que privilegiem a autonomia das pessoas e apontem para a sua emancipação. Conclui-se que o conceito de cuidado emancipador pode fazer avançar uma segunda ruptura epistemológica com o desenvolvimento de práticas emancipadoras no processo saúde-doença-cuidado.

Abstract The humanization of care has been a present challenge in the field of health in general and in the Brazilian Unified Health System. The purpose of this article is to discuss the sociological construct of emancipating care. While care is strongly identified with common sense and tacit knowledge, biomedical clinical practice has been associated with scientific knowledge resulting from a rationalist epistemological rupture. Emancipatory care is a hybridization between common sense and scientific knowledge, or care and clinic, supported by the professional's ethical-political position, to replace heteronomy with autonomy in the health-disease-care process. The purpose of this article is to present an innovative perspective on the discussion of care, which is not new, bringing some historical references, not with the purpose of developing an epochalist or chronological analysis. The objective is to expand the space for reflections on heteronomous care as a hegemonic event in contemporary culture, as well as to expand the debates on the possibilities of building care practices that privilege people's autonomy and point to their emancipation. It is concluded that the concept of emancipating care can advance a second epistemological rupture with the development of emancipating practices in the health-disease-care process.

Percepción de funcionarios sobre la gestión del Sistema de Salud de Chone, ante el terremoto de Pedernales / Perception of officials on the management of the Chone Health System, in the face of the Pedernales earthquake

INTRODUCCIÓN. En abril de 2016 ocurrió en la provincia de Manabí-Ecuador un terremoto de 7,6 grados, escala de Richter. Afectó la gestión de entidades de salud de dicha provincia. El país viene implementando políticas para alcanzar acceso universal de atención de salud, pero, el sistema mantiene debilidades en el modelo de atención primaria. OBJETIVO. Describir los efectos del terremoto en la gestión del sistema de salud en el Distrito de Chone, en base a las percepciones de los funcionarios de salud. MATERIALES Y MÉTODOS. Estudio cualitativo. Se describió el evento desde la perspectiva de 11 funcionarios seleccionados de diferentes niveles de gestión técnica en el sistema de salud, que laboraron durante el terremoto. Datos obtenidos por una encuesta semiestructurada sobre las tres funciones del sistema de salud: Rectoría, Provisión de Servicios y Financiamiento. RESULTADOS. El terremoto profundizó las debilidades que ya existían, afectó la ejecución de los programas de salud. La gestión del nivel central del Ministerio de Salud Pública sobrecargó el trabajo del personal local y la asignación de recursos fue insuficiente. DISCUSIÓN. A pesar que la evidencia demostró que una adecuada atención primaria con suficiente personal de salud, mejora la respuesta ante desastres, sin embargo, esto no se dio y los efectos negativos del desastre se mantienen años después. CONCLUSIÓN. Las deficiencias en la atención primaria de salud, así como insuficiente preparación para la gestión adecuada ante un desastre natural, influyeron en la calidad de la respuesta del sistema de salud.

INTRODUCTION. In april 2016, an earthquake of 7.6 degrees, on the Richter scale, occurred in the province of Manabí-Ecuador. It affected the management of health entities in said province. The country has been implementing policies to achieve universal access to health care, but the system maintains weaknesses in the primary care model. OBJECTIVE. Describe the effects of the earthquake on the management of the health system in the Chone District, based on the perceptions of health officials. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Qualitative study. The event was described from the perspective of 11 officials selected from different levels of technical management in the health system, who worked during the earthquake. Data obtained by a semi-structured survey on the three functions of the health system: Stewardship, Provision of Services and Financing. RESULTS. The earthquake deepened the weaknesses that already existed, affected the execution of health programs. Management at the central level of the Ministry of Public Health overloaded the work of local staff and the allocation of resources was insufficient. DISCUSSION. Although the evidence showed that adequate primary care with sufficient health personnel improves the response to disasters, however, this did not occur and the negative effects of the disaster continue years later. CONCLUSION. Deficiencies in primary health care, as well as insufficient preparation to properly manage a natural disaster, influenced the quality of the health system response.

Implementación de vías clínicas multidisciplinarias en una institución de salud de alta complejidad

Clinical pathways or structured multidisciplinary care plans are a tool to standardize clinical practice. The aim of this article is to describe and propose a methodology for the development of clinical pathways in a highly complex health institution. We used the guidelines of the European Quality of Care Pathway, which are based on a 4-stage model: definition and diagnosis, development, implementation and continuity. To make this process operational, we incorporated the project management methodology (PMO). The implemented methodology contemplates the generation of an institutional governance structure responsible for the coordination of the project and the prioritization of the clinical processes to be standardized. The implementation of each clinical pathway was carried out in four steps, namely team generation, development, planning and implementation, and continuous improvement. With this methodology, 23 clinical pathways were developed between 2014 and 2018. Their implementation significantly reduced hospitalization days and their variability, optimized the use of resources and standardized clinical records. The standardization of clinical processes allowed the development of new skills such as the generation of clinical projects, an institutional methodology for managing change and sustainability through cycles of continuous improvement.

The impact of caregiving on caregivers of older persons and its associated factors: a cross-sectional study

INTRODUCTION@#Many older people rely on caregivers for support. Caring for older people can pose significant burdens for caregivers yet may also have positive effects. This study aimed to assess the impact on the caregivers and to determine factors associated with caregivers who were burdened.@*METHODS@#This was a cross-sectional study of 385 caregivers of older people who attended a community clinic in Malaysia. Convenience sampling was employed during the study period on caregivers who were aged ≥ 21 years and provided ≥ 4 hours of unpaid support per week. Participants were asked to complete a self-administered questionnaire, which included the Carers of Older People in Europe (COPE) index and the EASYCare Standard 2010 independence score. The COPE index was used to assess the impact of caregiving. A highly burdened caregiver was defined as one whose scores for all three COPE subscales were positive for burden. Care recipients' independence was assessed using the independence score of the EASYCare Standard 2010 questionnaire. Multiple logistic regression was used to determine the factors associated with caregiver burden.@*RESULTS@#73 (19.0%) caregivers were burdened, of whom two were highly burdened. Caregivers' median scores on the positive value, negative impact and quality of support scales were 13.0, 9.0 and 12.0, respectively. Care recipients' median independence score was 18.0. Ethnicity and education levels were found to be associated with caregiver burden.@*CONCLUSION@#Most caregivers gained satisfaction and felt supported in caregiving. Ethnicity and education level were associated with a caregiver being burdened.

Trajetória de vida do/a profissional e a interface no cuidado com usuários/as de drogas / Professional life trajectory and a non­care interface with drug users

O uso abusivo de drogas configura-­se no contexto brasileiro como um problema no âmbito da saúde coletiva e dois paradigmas que regem a política pública, com modos de cuidar distintos, concorrem para seu enfrentamento, Proibicionista e Antiproibicionista. Nesta pesquisa, além dos paradigmas adotados, considera-­se que a trajetória de vida do/a profissional exerce forte influência sobre a sua prática de cuidado. O estudo objetivou conhecer a relação entre a trajetória de vida de profissionais de um Centro de Acolhimento Intensivo do Programa ATITUDE na Região Metropolitana do Recife ­ Pernambuco e suas práticas de cuidado voltadas aos usuários/as de crack, álcool e outras drogas. Foi realizada uma pesquisa qualitativa e, de forma individual, aplicadas seis entrevistas semiestruturadas com profissionais que exerciam a função de psicólogo/a, assistente social, advogado/a, enfermeiro/a, técnico/a de enfermagem e educador/a social no serviço supracitado. Os dados coletados foram analisados, mediante a análise temática. Assim, foram construídas quatro categorias: 1. A percepção da droga como sintoma; 2. O contexto de uso das drogas na trajetória de vida da pessoa-­profissional; 3. Ressignificação da pessoa-­profissional sobre uso de drogas mediante experiência na prática de cuidado; 4. Cuidado e autonomia. Essas categorias permitiram concluir que o Programa ATITUDE teve um forte significado na trajetória de vida pessoal e profissional de vários participantes, revelando a necessidade de manter a interface da subjetividade na elaboração e execução do eixo de políticas, planejamento e gestão em saúde como forma de aumentar a qualidade do cuidado e a eficácia das políticas públicas no âmbito da saúde coletiva.

The abusive use of drugs is configured in the Brazilian context as a public health problem, and two models of public policy, with distinct care modes, compete for their confrontation: Prohibicionista and Antiprohibicionista. It is understood here that the life trajectory of the professionals exerts a strong influence on their practice of professional care. This study aimed to know the relationship between the life trajectory of professionals of an Intensive Reception Center of the ATITUDE Program in the Metropolitan Region of Recife ­ Pernambuco, and their care practices aimed at users of crack, alcohol and other drugs. A qualitative research was carried out and, in an individual way, there were six semi structured interviews with professionals of medium, technical and superior level of the above mentioned service. The collected data were analyzed through a thematic analysis. Thus, four categories were apprehended: the perception of the drug as a symptom; the context of drug use in the life trajectory of the professional; re­signification of drug use through professional experience; care and autonomy. These categories allowed us to conclude that the ATITUDE Program had a strong meaning in the personal and professional life trajectory of several participants, regarding their involvement with the theme, as well as their experiences (biographical trajectory) with the theme AD collaborated for the construction of care based on the recognition of users as subjects of rights and protagonists of their history.

Observations from a nationwide vigilance program in medical care for spinal muscular atrophy patients in Chile / Atrofia muscular espinal en Chile, resultados de un programa de atención médica nacional

ABSTRACT Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) has gained much attention in the last few years because of the approval of the first intrathecal treatment for this neurodegenerative disease. Latin America needs to develop the demographics of SMA, timely access to diagnosis, and appropriate following of the standards of care recommendations for patients. These are essential steps to guide health policies. Methods This was a descriptive study of a cohort of SMA patients from all over Chile. We analyzed the clinical, motor functional, and social data, as well as the care status of nutritional, respiratory and skeletal conditions. We also measured the SMN2 copy number in this population. Results We recruited 92 patients: 50 male; 23 SMA type-1, 36 SMA type-2 and 33 SMA type-3. The median age at genetic diagnosis was 5, 24 and 132 months. We evaluated the SMN2 copy number in 57 patients. The SMA type-1 patients were tracheostomized and fed by gastrostomy in a 69.6 % of cases, 65% of SMA type-2 patients received nocturnal noninvasive ventilation, and 37% of the whole cohort underwent scoliosis surgery. Conclusion Ventilatory care for SMA type-1 is still based mainly on tracheostomy. This Chilean cohort of SMA patients had timely access to genetic diagnosis, ventilatory assistance, nutritional support, and scoliosis surgery. In this series, SMA type-1 is underrepresented, probably due to restrictions in access to early diagnosis and the high and early mortality rate.

La Atrofia Muscular Espinal (AME) ha concitado mucha atención en los últimos 2 años debido a la aprobación del primer tratamiento intratecal para esta enfermedad neurodegenerativa. América Latina necesita desarrollar la demografía de AME, un acceso oportuno al diagnóstico y un seguimiento apropiado de los pacientes que incorporen los estándares de atención recomendados por expertos. Estos son pasos esenciales para orientar las futuras políticas de salud en esta enfermedad. Métodos Este es un estudio descriptivo de una cohorte de pacientes con AME de todo el país. Se analizaron los datos clínicos, motores, funcionales, sociales y el estado nutricional, respiratorio y esquelético de los pacientes. También medimos el número de copias del gen SMN2 en esta población. Resultados se reclutaron 92 pacientes, 50 varones; 23 AME tipo 1, 36 AME tipo 2 y 33 AME tipo 3. La edad media al diagnóstico genético fue de 5, 24 y 132 meses respectivamente. Evaluamos el número de copias de SMN2 en 57 pacientes. Un 69,6% de los pacientes con AME tipo 1 estaban traqueostomízados y gastrostomizados , un 65% de los pacientes con AME tipo 2 usaban ventilación nocturna no invasiva y el 37% de toda la cohorte presentaba una cirugía de escoliosis. Conclusión Esta cohorte chilena de pacientes con AME tuvo acceso oportuno al diagnóstico genético, asistencia ventilatoria, apoyo nutricional y cirugía de escoliosis, sin embargo, la atención ventilatoria para AME tipo 1 continúa aun basándose principalmente en la traqueostomía. En esta serie, AME tipo 1 está subrepresentada, probablemente debido a las restricciones en el acceso al diagnóstico temprano y la tasa de mortalidad alta y temprana.

A Clinical Audit of the Process of Care for Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus in a Malaysian Public Polyclini

@#Introduction: Proper gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) care is essential for optimal control and thus prevents adverse perinatal outcomes. This audit aimed to determine the quality of GDM care provided by a public polyclinic. Methods: The audit was performed on the clinic-based medical record of GDM patients who had undergone at least three prenatal follow-ups and one postnatal follow-up between January and November 2012. Patients with pre-existing diabetes mellitus were excluded. Results: A total of 74 medical records were audited and it showed that 94.6% of patients were of age 25 and above, 91.9% were Malays, 71.6% were multigravida and 98.6% had risk factors of GDM. 54.1% of diagnoses were made during the second trimester, while 25.7% and 20.2% of cases were detected during the first and third trimester respectively. All of the GDM patients had their weight and blood pressure monitored, 85.1% had their fundal height checked as scheduled and 85.1% were referred for diet counselling. 81.9% and 100% of GDM patients who were not on treatment and on treatment correspondingly had their blood sugar profile monitoring done as recommended. Only 13.5% of GDM patients were given prenatal family planning counselling and 35.1% were given a six weeks’ postnatal oral glucose tolerance test appointment. Monthly ultrasound screening and HbA1c monitoring was done in merely 51.4% and 58.1% of the GDM patients respectively. Conclusion: The GDM care process in this public polyclinic could be improved further to achieve the standard recommendations

Percepção de estagiários da área da saúde e trabalhadores de instituições de longa permanência de idosos sobre a institucionalização / Perception of health trainees and workers from long-term care institutions for the elderly on institutionalization

INTRODUÇÃO: Com o progressivo aumento do envelhecimento da população, a institucionalização cresce, especialmente por, na maioria das vezes, ser a única opção de moradia e cuidado para idosos e/ou seus familiares. As concepções dos profissionais que atuam nas instituições repercutem em seus comportamentos e formas de atender/cuidar em saúde. OBJETIVO: Identificar a percepção de estagiários da área da saúde e trabalhadores de Instituição de Longa Permanência para Idosos (ILPI) sobre a institucionalização. MÉTODOS: Estudo qualiquantitativo através de questionário preenchido pelos estagiários e trabalhadores da ILPI. Dados interpretados a partir da análise descritiva dos dados e análise de conteúdo. RESULTADOS: 40 indivíduos participaram da pesquisa, sendo 65% estagiários da saúde e 35% trabalhadores. Quanto aos aspectos positivos da institucionalização, surgiram duas categorias: assistência emocional (apoio e segurança, carinho e socialização entre os idosos) e assistência física (cuidados especializados e acessibilidade). Quanto aos aspectos negativos, surgiram três categorias: distanciamento do mundo exterior (afastamento da família, de bens materiais e isolamento social), regras impostas: rotina da instituição, falta de privacidade/liberdade e ausência de lazer; cuidado profissional: falta de especialidades e despreparo de profissionais. Quando questionados se morariam em uma ILPI na velhice, 22 afirmaram que sim. CONCLUSÃO: Surge a Necessidade do seguimento do estudo, sugerindo-se estratégias capazes de minimizar os aspectos negativos da institucionalização nesta ILPI, detectados pela amostra, e maximizar/melhorar os aspectos positivos. É papel dos trabalhadores aprimorarem-se continuamente para melhorar as condições de funcionamento das instituições em que trabalham.

INTRODUCTION: With the increasing aging of the population, institutionalization expands, especially since, for the most part, it is the only option of housing and care for the elderly and/or their families. The conceptions of the professionals that work in institutions have repercussions on their behaviors and ways of attending/caring for health. OBJECTIVE: To identify the perception of health trainees and workers from geriatric long-term care facilities (ILPI) about institutionalization. METHODS: Qualitative and quantitative study through a questionnaire filled out by ILPI trainees and workers. Data interpreted from descriptive data analysis and content analysis. RESULTS: 40 individuals participated in the research, 65% of which were health trainees and 35% were workers. As for the positive aspects of institutionalization, two categories emerged: emotional assistance (support and security, caring and socialization among the elderly) and physical assistance (specialized care and accessibility). As for the negative aspects, three categories emerged: estrangement from the outside world (detachment from the family, material goods and social isolation), imposed rules (routine of the institution, lack of privacy/freedom and absence of leisure) and professional care (lack of specialties and unprepared professionals). When asked whether they would live in a ILPI in old age, 22 answered yes. CONCLUSION: There is a need to follow up the study, suggesting strategies capable of minimizing the negative aspects of institutionalization in this ILPI, detected by the sample, and maximizing/improving the positive aspects. It is the role of workers to continually improve themselves to improve the working conditions of the institutions in which they work.